Which term is utilized to measure a process's capability?

Defects per Million Opportunities (DPMO) is a crucial metric used to assess a process’s capability. It quantifies the number of defects that may occur in a million opportunities to produce a defect, thus providing a standard way to measure quality and performance. This measurement helps organizations understand how well a process is performing and identify areas where improvements may be needed.

Using DPMO allows organizations to compare the performance of different processes or to track improvements over time. It is particularly valuable in Six Sigma methodologies, where reducing defects to improve quality is a primary focus. By collecting and analyzing DPMO data, teams can make informed decisions regarding process enhancements and ultimately drive towards higher operational excellence.

In contrast, other choices such as Process Quality refer to a more general assessment of a process's effectiveness and might not provide the specific quantitative measure that DPMO offers. Just in Time (JIT) is a production strategy aimed at reducing flow times within production systems, while Design of Experiments (DOE) is a statistical method used to determine the relationship between factors affecting a process and its output. Neither JIT nor DOE directly measure process capability like DPMO does.