Which phases of PDCA are most often repeated in its iterative cycle?

The most repeated phases of the PDCA (Plan-Do-Check-Act) cycle are "Do" and "Check." In the iterative nature of PDCA, after executing the plan in the "Do" phase, it's crucial to assess the results in the "Check" phase. This assessment helps organizations understand the effectiveness of the implementation and identify any variances from the expected outcomes.

Once the results are checked, organizations often revisit the "Do" phase to make any necessary adjustments or enhancements based on the learnings from the "Check" phase. This iterative feedback loop is vital for continuous improvement, allowing for refinements before proceeding to "Act" on the observations and insights gained. By continually alternating between doing a process and checking its performance, organizations can develop a deeper understanding of how to improve processes or solve problems effectively. The relationship between "Do" and "Check" fosters a culture of learning and refinement, which is central to effective project and quality management.