Which approach focuses on reducing defects in a process?

The approach that focuses on reducing defects in a process is Six Sigma. This methodology is specifically designed to improve process quality by identifying and removing the causes of defects and minimizing variability in manufacturing and business processes. Its primary goal is to enhance process output to a level of fewer than 3.4 defects per million opportunities, thereby ensuring high quality and reliability.

Six Sigma uses a structured data-driven approach, incorporating a variety of statistical tools and techniques to analyze processes, identify signals of potential issue areas, and implement sustainable solutions for improvement. It emphasizes a disciplined, analytical approach to problem-solving, which leads to significant increases in efficiency and reduction in costs associated with defects.

In contrast, Lean Management focuses primarily on waste reduction and optimizing flow, while Continuous Improvement pertains to ongoing efforts to enhance products, services, or processes incrementally. Total Quality Management encompasses broader quality improvement strategies across the organization rather than having a concentrated focus on defect reduction alone.