Process Lead Time is made up of the individual operation Cycle Times and what additional component?

Process Lead Time encompasses the total time required to complete a process, which includes both the Cycle Times for each individual operation and the times when work in progress is delayed due to various factors. Inventory Delays are a significant component in this context because they represent the time that material or information sits idle between processing steps.

When items are in inventory, they are not being actively worked on or moved through the system, contributing to the overall lead time. This can result from waiting for the next operation to become available, delays due to quality checks, or even logistics issues. By factoring in inventory delays, you gain a more accurate picture of the entire lead time for a process, allowing for better identification and reduction of non-value-added activities.

The other options, while related to the broader context of process efficiency and effectiveness, do not specifically address the concept of downtime due to work in progress within the process lead time as directly as inventory delays do.